ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE PATTERN OF UROPATHOGENIC PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA STRAINS ISOLATED FROM A NIGERIAN HOSPITAL
Ayeni FA1, 3*, Okorafor CQ1, Olley M2
1-Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Collage of Pharmacy, Igbinedion University Okada
2-Medical Microbiology Unit, Igbinedion University Teaching Hospital Okada
3-Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan
May-June 2015; Vol. 7 (issue 1): 19-23
ABSTRACT
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics is a global problem which results in difficulty in treatment. Surveillance study should always be carried out in different geographical location to determine current effective antibiotics against bacterial infections. The purpose of this study therefore is to study prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in infections in a Nigerian hospital over a two months period and determine its resistance pattern. Pseudomonas aeroginosa strains were isolated from fifty five clinical samples comprising endocervical swab (12) and urine samples (43) of outpatients at Igbinedion University Teaching Hospital between April and May, 2010. Identification of P. aeroginosa strains were based on growth on selective agar media, oxidase and Gram’s reactions. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of the P. aeroginosa strains was done against Ciprofloxacin, Doxycycline, Trimethroprim/Sulphamethazole, Chloramphenicol and Gentamicin using the disk agar diffusion method and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) determination by macrodilution method. Twelve P. aeroginosa strains were isolated and identified. The observed percentages of resistance to Ciprofloxacin, Doxycycline, Trimethroprim/Sulphamethazole, Chloramphenicol and Gentamicin were 50%, 83%, 83%, 67%, and 75% respectively. The strains were highly resistant to Doxycycline, Gentamicin and Trimethroprim/Sulphamethazole while relatively susceptible to Ciprofloxacin. All the resistant strains exhibited very high MIC to Trimethroprim/Sulphamethazole and Gentamicin. Resistance of P. aeroginosa to antibiotics results in difficulties in treatment of urogenital infections caused by the organism. This study calls for strict control in the use of antibiotics for chemotherapy of pseudomonas infections to reduce the organism’s resistance to commonly used antibiotics.
KEYWORDS: Resistance, Antibiotics, Uropathogens, Hospital-acquired Infections