ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTY OF POMEGRANATE ARIL AND PEEL EXTRACTS FROM THREE DIFFERENT SOLVENTS
IDRIS ALIYU MASA’UD1,2,*, ROHIN MOHD ADZIM KHALILI,2,3, SHEHU AMINU3,4 AND MOHAMAD NASIR3.5
1. Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bayero University Kano 2. Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Hafsah Block, 21300 Kuala Terengganu.
3. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia.
4. Department of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, Federal University Gashua, Yobe State, Nigeria.
5. UniSZA Medical Centre, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin (UniSZA), Terengganu, Malaysia.
Afr. J Pharm Res Dev; Volume 11(2): 116-124 ; 2019
ABSTRACT
Pomegranate is an ancient fruit that has been traditionally used in the management of diarrhoea, bronchitis and as a vermifuge. The pharmacological property of the fruit has been attributed to its antioxidant polyphenols. The emergence of resistance and scarcity of effective antibiotics have prompted research into the antimicrobial potential of polyphenols from fruits and vegetables including pomegranate. This study investigated the antibacterial potential of the fruit peel and aril extracts against some common tropical dermatological pathogens. The method used was 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) to determine the radical scavenging activity (RSA) of the extracts. RSA was expressed as %inhibition of DPPH radical. Paper disc diffusion assay was used in determining the antibacterial potential of the fruit extracts with penicillin discs used as standard of comparison. Microdilution assay was used to determine the MIC and MBC of the fruit extracts. For the arils, the ethyl acetate extract demonstrated the highest RSA (87.5 %) and lowest IC50 value (10 µg/ml) compared to ethanol (%inhibition, 79 % and IC50, 320 µg/ml) and hexane (%inhibition, 82.5 % and IC50, 125 µg/ml) extracts. The peel extracts were similar in RSA (ethanol, 88.5 %, ethyl acetate 86.69 % and hexane 87.2 %) and IC50 (5 µg/ml for all solvent extracts). For antibacterial assay, all the extracts showed appreciable activity indices on Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptoococcus pyogenes and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. However, peel extracts demonstrated superior antibacterial effect against the pathogens compared to the aril extracts. Pomegranate fruit extracts have shown high antioxidant and antibacterial activity in this study and thus, could serve as active ingredients or adjuvants in the formulation of dermatological antimicrobial products
Email of correspondence:pharmaliyuidrism@gmail.com
KEYWORDS: Antioxidants; Antibacterial; Pomegranate; Pathogens; Dermatological.