ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH BEHAVIOUR, MOTIVATION, AND SELF-EFFICACY OF HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS TOWARDS THEIR SELF-CARE PRACTICES
MAXWELL OGOCHUKWU ADIBE1, KOSSY MARYANN OCHIE1, EZINWANNE JANE
UGOCHUKWU1,*, ABDULMUMINU ISAH1
1. Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Management, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences,
University of Nigeria Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State Nigeria.
Afr. J Pharm Res Dev; Volume 14(2): 170-183 ; 2022
ABSTRACT
Hypertension is a chronic non-communicable disease, and its prevalence is a global health challenge. Lifestyle
modification can decrease the risk of hypertension, although certain self-care practices are needed for optimal
blood pressure. This study was carried out to assess the health behaviour, motivation, and self-efficacy of
hypertensive patients in their self-care practices. A survey was conducted using the hypertension self-care profile
(HBP-SCP), Orem’s self-care model, and motivational interviewing. Patients who were diagnosed as
hypertensive patients, attending the Medical outpatient department (MOP) of the University of Nigeria Teaching
Hospital were assessed for 15 weeks during their clinic days. Descriptive and Inferential statistics were carried
out and Statistical Significance was set at P>0.05. A total of 415 hypertensive patients were included in the
survey, 219 (52.8%) females and 196 (47.2%) males, 111 (26.7%) of the respondents frequently checked their
blood pressure at home, and about half of them 187 (45.1%) were taking their antihypertensives. One hundred
and sixty-eight (40.5%) were motivated to practice regular exercise. The majority of them 375 (90.4%) were
motivated to eat less processed and salty food and 403 (97.1%) were confident that they could monitor their salt
intake. Gender and level of education were found to be significantly related to self-care practices. Patients
attending the tertiary healthcare facility had good health behaviour, and were moderately motivated and
confident in their self-care practice. Factors that could affect health behavior, motivation, and confidence were
somehow addressed but more work needs to be done by the health care practitioners.
Email of correspondence: ezinwanne.ugochukwu@unn.edu.ng;
KEYWORDS: Hypertension; Orem self-care model; Hypertension self-care profile; Motivational interview.