INVESTIGATION OF THE THERMOSTABILITY AND IMMUNE RESPONSE OF AN ORAL LIVE 9R VACCINE ENCAPSULATED IN ALGINATE-COATED CHITOSAN MICROPARTICLES
EBELE BENEDETTE ONUIGBO1*, CHRISTOPHER OSITA EZE1 , ANTHONY AMAECHI ATTAMA2 , EMMANUEL CHINEDUM IBEZIM2 ,CHIAMAKA UCHEAKONUME2
1. Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria.
2. Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
Afr. J Pharm Res Dev; Volume 12(1): 038-047 ; 2020
ABSTRACT
This study was designed to investigate the thermostability and immune response of live 9R vaccine encapsulated in alginate-coated chitosan microparticles. The microparticles were prepared by ionotropic gelation method and physically characterized for shape, particle size, encapsulation efficiency, mucoadhesion, pH and biochemical studies. Agglutination test, ELISA, toxicity test and physical examination of the birds were carried out. The particles were spherical and ranged from 2.0±0.0 – 3.85±1.76 µm for the chitosan-coated live 9R vaccine and 3.44±0.66 – 5.57±2.27 µm for alginate/chitosan-coated live 9R vaccine. Encapsulation efficiency was above 70 %. The mucoadhesive strength was above 11.05 dynes/cm in all the formulations. pH of formulations was stable after 5 weeks of storage with only a slight variation. There was no physical detection of toxicity in the birds. There was no significant difference in immune response between the subcutaneous live 9R vaccine group and the oral alginate/chitosan-coated live 9R vaccine group after vaccination (p <0.05) using plate agglutination test and ELISA. The live 9R encapsulated in alginate-coated chitosan microparticles was viable after only one week of storage at room temperature. The formulated alginate/chitosan-coated live 9R vaccine administered orally had comparable immune response with the subcutaneous live 9R vaccine.
Email of correspondence:ebele.onuigbo@unn.edu.ng
KEYWORDS: Chitosan, Alginate, Live 9R vaccine, Immune, Thermostable, Subcutaneous, Oral.