METABOLITE PROFILING OF ETHYL ACETATE STEM EXTRACT OF SOLANUM ERIANTHUM FOR POTENTIAL ANTICANCER COMPOUNDS
TAYE TEMITOPE ALAWODE1,*, LABUNMI LAJIDE2, MARY TOLULOPE OLALEYE3, BODUNDE JOSEPH OWOLABI 2
1. Department of Chemistry, Federal University Otuoke, Bayelsa State, Nigeria.
2. Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
3. Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria.
Afr. J Pharm Res Dev; Volume 14(1): 060-066 ; Jan – June 2022
ABSTRACT
Cancer continues to be associated with high mortality despite the various therapeutic options available for its treatment. Solanum erianthum is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of cancer. This study evaluates the potential of the ethylacetate extract of the stem of the plant as an anticancer agent by screening it against the hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cell line using the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The extract was screened for activity at concentrations ranging between 1 and 1,000 μg/ml (in triplicates). The half-maximal inhibitory (IC50) value was obtained from a plot of percentage cell viability against extract concentrations. The extract was then derivatized into trimethylsilyl and methyl ester forms and subsequently analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) technique. Cell viability decreased with increasing extract concentration (values were significantly different at all test concentrations). The extract was moderately active against the HepG2 cell line, with IC50 value of 125μg/mL. The compounds identified in the extract include Nobiletin, Friedelan-3-one, Stigmasterol and n-hexadecanoic acid. From literature reports, these compounds possess anticancer activities against a broad range of human cancer cell lines, and could be partly responsible for the anti-proliferative properties of the extract against the HepG2 cell line. This study has provided some justification for the use of S. erianthum for cancer treatment by traditional healers.
Email of correspondence: onatop2003@yahoo.com;
KEYWORDS: Cancer; HepG2; MTT; GCMS; Derivatization.