OCCURRENCE AND ANTIBIOGRAM PATTERN OF Escherichia coli ISOLATED FROM THE URINARY TRACT OF PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CLINICS IN ILORIN METROPOLIS | AFRICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

**OCCURRENCE AND ANTIBIOGRAM PATTERN OF Escherichia coli ISOLATED FROM THE URINARY TRACT OF PREGNANT WOMEN ATTENDING ANTENATAL CLINICS IN ILORIN METROPOLIS**

RONKE HADIYAT BELLO^1,*, YAKUBU KOKORI ENEVENE IBRAHIM², BUSAYO OLALEKAN OLAYINKA², JIMOH GAFAR AKANBI ABIODUN³AND OLABODE HAMZA OLATUNDE K⁴

Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria.
Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Abuja, Nigeria.

^{Afr. J Pharm Res Dev; Volume 12(3): 313-321 (2020)}

ABSTRACT

Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is a serious health problem affecting millions of people globally. In females, it is more common during pregnancy and is characterized by increased morbidity, maternal and perinatal complications. This alarming rate of UTI related complications and antibiotics resistance necessitated this study among pregnant women attending ante – natal clinics within Ilorin metropolis of Kwara State, Nigeria. A cross-sectional study involving 420 pregnant women attending ante – natal clinics was conducted from February, 2018 to April, 2019. Midstream urine samples were collected from enrolled subjects and cultured using quantitative urine culture method. Isolates were identified using standard bacteriological method, further confirmed using the Microgen Identification system and susceptibility testing was performed using the Disc Diffusion method. A total of 188 (44.67%) of the 420 urine samples had significant bacteriuria (colony-forming unit ≥105/ml), and 56 (26.05 %) of the isolates were characterized as Escherichia coli. The E. coli isolates exhibited high resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline, amoxicillin clavulanic acid, cefuroxime sodium at 88.68 %, 73.59%, 69.81% and 66.04% respectively. Of these isolates, 38 (71.70%) were resistant to three or more antibiotics and regarded as multidrug resistant. The most occurring resistant phenotype was ampicillin 8 (15.09%), followed by its combination with amoxycillin clavulanate, cefuroxime sodium 7 (13.21%) as well as tetracycline and sulphamethoxazole trimethoprim 6 (11.32%). All E. coli isolates were sensitive to imipenem and nitrofurantoin. This study indicates high prevalence of multidrug resistant E. coli in pregnancy associated UTIs with potential health consequences.

Email of correspondence: bello.rh@unilorin.edu.ng;

KEYWORDS: Antibiogram pattern; Escherichia coli; Pregnant women; Urinary tract infections (UTIs).