PHYTOCHEMICAL PROFILING AND IN VITRO ANTI-PROLIFERATIVE ACTIVITY OF EXTRACT AND FRACTIONS OF ANTHONOTHA MACROPHYLLA (FABACEAE) P. BEAUVOIS AGAINST SORGHUM BICOLOR RADICLES
EMMANUEL EIMIOMODEBHEKI ODION1,*, JAMES OGHOMWEN AGHAHOWA1, CHINYELU CLEMENTINA
OSIGWE2, DANIEL AKPE-EFIAK AMBE3, ERAVWEROSO CONGRAT ODIETE4
1. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria
2. Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Madonna University, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria
3. Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Uyo, Akwa-Ibom State, Nigeria
4. Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria
Afr. J Pharm Res Dev; Volume 16(2): 01-09 ; 2024
ABSTRACT
Anthonotha macrophylla (P. Beauvois) is used in folkloric medicine for treating boil, malaria, tumor, diarrhoea, gonorrhea and skin infections. Its use in the treatment of tumor led to the determination of the anti-proliferative potential in relation to the identified phytoconstituents from the extract of the leaves. Phytochemical screening, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and High Pressure Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analytical methods were used in the identification and quantification of the phytochemical constituents. Effects on Sorghum bicolor radicles were utilized to ascertain the anti-proliferative potentials of the macerated crude extract and partitioned fractions of A. macrophylla. Screening of the powdered leaves for phytochemicals revealed alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides and saponins. Analysis by HPLC of the extract (methanol) displayed kaempferol, narigenin, quercetin and catechin, while analysis of similar extract by GC-MS revealed 3-aminopyrrolidine (96.44%). Methanol leaf extract of A. macrophylla (1 mg/mL) suppressed the growing radicles by 1.55% within 24 hours, this increased to 35.97% in 96 hours. Also 16 mg/mL of the extract of methanol significantly (p<0.05) suppressed the emerging radicles by 31.78% in 24 hours; this increased to 57.30% after 96 hour. Ethylacetate fraction (1 mg/mL) of A. macrophylla significantly (p<0.05) suppressed the emerging radicles by 13.44% in 48 hours, which increased to 25.09% in 96 hours. At a higher dose of 16 mg/mL, ethylacetate fraction significantly (p<0.05) suppressed the emerging radicles by 69.60% in 48 hours, which increased to 77.41% after 96 hour. From our research findings, the methanol leaf extract and ethylacetate fraction of A. macrophylla possess phyto-constituents that have anti-proliferative potentials.
Keywords: 3-Aminopyrrolidine, Anti-proliferative, Anthonotha macrophylla, Phytochemical
Email of correspondence: emmanuel.odion@uniben.edu;
https://doi.org/10.59493/ajopred/2024.2.1 ISSN: 0794-800X (print); 1596-2431 (online)