PHYTOCHEMICALS, AND PROXIMATE ANALYSES OF DRIED BARK AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF SWIETENIA MAHAGONI (L) JACQ, HARVESTED FROM OBUDU, CROSS RIVER STATE, NIGERIA
IGBANG JEROME OKPUTU1,*, EGWU ENDURANCE UKAM2, OKEJE FRIDAY IMASA2, ODEY VICTOR OGAR2, CHINECHEREM GODP’SPWER OKORO2, OCHUI AUGUSTINE ACHU2, OKON REBECCA BASSEY2, FRIDAY LOVETH ASHANG2, ONYIEBE BENITA BINANG2, MBALE SARAH NDONG2
1. Department of Biochemistry, University of Calabar.
2. Department of Biochemistry University Cross River State.
Afr. J Pharm Res Dev; Volume 16(2): 117-124 ; 2024
ABSTRACT
Plants play an important role in phytomedicine as sources of phytochemicals. Swieteina mahagoni is used in folkloric medicine for treating diarrhea, skin infections, tumors, inflammations, and diabetes. This led to the determination of selected phytochemicals and proximate contents from the dried bark aqueous extract of Swieteina mahagoni. The constituents were determined by standard analytical methods. Triterpenoids, lignans, thiocyanates, flavonols, saponins, and alkaloids, were detected. The results revealed triterpenoids (3.47 ± 0.01 %), flavonols (3.42 ± 0.47 %) saponins (3.42 ± 0.31 %), lignans (1.09 ± 0.04 %), thiocyanate (0.84 ± 0.03 %), and lectin was not detected. The antinutrients revealed phytates (1.15 ± 0.3 mg/100 g), oxalates (0.24 ± 0.1 mg/100 g) and cardiac glycoside (0.17 ± 0.2 mg/100 g). Proximate results revealed high moisture (55.67 ± 4.04 %), carbohydrate (25.64 ± 4.37 %), (8.58 ± 0.82 %), crude fiber (6.49 ± 6.37 %), proteins (1.86 ± 0.21 %), and crude fat (1.77 ± 0.26 %) contents. The mineral contents revealed sodium ( ± 0.04 mg/l) and potassium (13.13 ± 0.06 mg/l) concentrations. Vitamin A (3.23 ± 0.21 mg/l), vitamin C (2.25 ± 0.10 mg/l), vitamin B1 (0.62 ± 0.10 mg/l), B2 (0.43 ± 0.10 mg/l) and B3 (0.15 ± 0.03 mg/l). However, vitamin K was below the detectable limit (bdl). Overall, this study demonstrates that the dried bark aqueous Swieteina mahagoni from Obudu, Cross River, is rich in secondary metabolites, proximates, vitamins, and minerals. The pharmacological screening of the bioactive constituents needs to be evaluated for possible health benefits.
Keywords: Phytochemicals, Antinutrients, Minerals, Swetenia mahagoni
Email of correspondence: okputujerome93@gmail.com;
https://doi.org/10.59493/ajopred/2024.2.12 ISSN: 0794-800X (print); 1596-2431 (online)