UTILIZATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS IN FEDERAL NEURO-PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITAL, USELU, BENIN CITY, EDO STATE, NIGERIABABAIWA UPE FRANCISCA1, ERAGA SYLVESTER OKHUELEGBE2,*, ONI DAMILOLA STEPHEN1 AND AKERELE JOHN OWODELE1 1.Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, 300001, Nigeria. 2.Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, PMB 1154, Benin City, 300001, Nigeria. Afr. J Pharm Res Dev; Volume 12(2): 217-225 ; 2020 ABSTRACT The study evaluated the antimicrobial utilization pattern at the Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Uselu, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria, with a view to appraising the level of compliance of the hospital to WHO guidelines for rational use of antimicrobial agents. This was a retrospective, single site antibiotic evaluation study of case files of 210 patients who were admitted at the male and female in-patient medical wards of the hospital from 1st April to June 30th 2017. Data collection forms were used to collect the following information; patient demographics, diagnosis, name of prescribed antibiotics, antimicrobial treatment regimen, forms of combination therapy, laboratory investigation and cost of antibiotic utilization. All the case files of patients who were prescribed antibiotics during the study period were assessed. A total of 210 prescription encounters were evaluated. Patients aged 31-50 years were the highest recipients of antimicrobials while patients aged 11-20 years and above 80 years were the least recipients of antimicrobials. Respiratory and gastrointestinal tract infections accounted for the indications that received the highest number of antibiotic prescriptions among the 11 indications for antibiotic utilization. Penicillins were the most prescribed antibiotic singly and in combination. The average number of medicines per prescription was 3.5 and percentage of antibiotic prescriptions was 24.2%. Generic prescribing was at 48.0%, while laboratory investigations was 3.3% and the percentage cost of encounter was 40.5%. The percentage of antibiotic prescriptions and percentage cost of encounter were rational in comparison with WHO values. But the higher than recommended values for average number of drugs per encounter, low values of generic prescribing and laboratory investigations means prescribing was irrational. Thus, there was some level of irrational prescribing of antibiotics in the study centre and this could further worsen the burden of microbial resistances to these antibiotics. Email of correspondence: eragaso@uniben.edu KEYWORDS: Antimicrobials, Prescription, Neuro-psychiatric setting, Utilization.
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